The following are the laws that play a role in the sentencing of Juveniles in Nigeria: a) Child Rights Act. Influence on Juvenile Delinquency Among endobj %PDF-1.3 % He can be reached at atoyebi@omaplex.com.ng, Theodora is a member of the Dispute Resolution Team at OMAPLEX Law Firm. Juvenile/Youth Justice Management in Nigeria: Making a Case for In 1930, the Bureau of Justice Statistics began keeping stats on capital punishment nationwide. <>stream However, they have adopted various age demarcations under responsibility or the circumstances of the offense. Describes sharp, dudley, and the death penalty in black and white. WebToggle Juvenile sex crimes subsection 7.1Prevalence data 7.2Official record data 7.3Males who commit sexual crimes 7.4Juvenile sex crimes internationally 8By country Toggle By country subsection 8.1United Kingdom 8.2Canada 8.3Northern Europe 8.4United States 8.5Brazil 9See also 10References 11Further reading 12External links 2 tables and 59 references, Territories Financial Support Center (TFSC), Tribal Financial Management Center (TFMC). Explains that the bureau of justice statistics began keeping statistics on capital punishment nationwide from 1930 until 1967. the supreme court ruled that cp laws were arbitrary and capricious and constituted cruel and unusual punishment. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. The Customary Court of Appeal is chaired by the Chief Judge, who is assisted by other judges. 45 0 obj Its jurisdiction is only an appeal. Opines that mental illness is the latest death penalty issue at supreme court. xS* endstream Provided that the child was over the minimum age for criminal responsibility (originally seven) and had mischievous discretion (the ability to tell right from wrong), the child was fully liable as an adult to the penalties provided by the law. National Assembly Election Tribunal: This involves petitions for elections in the Senate and House of Representatives. JUVENILE COURTS Juvenile courts are established pursuant to the Children and Young Persons Laws of the various States of the Federation. Website Designed & Managed by SETFRON LTD. Learn how your comment data is processed. endobj <>stream Opines that the death penalty legitimizes an irreversible act of violence by the state and has inevitably claimed innocent victims. In practice, however, age usually served as a mitigating factor in punishments accorded to children. 0000002188 00000 n Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Juvenile Courts There is a committee structure in situ to analyze and listen to juvenile law violations. 0000003601 00000 n International Labor Day: Reflection of 8 years of Suffering in Nigeria -By Auwal Ahmed Ibrahim, Road To Sudan: Is Nigeria On The Brink? The presiding judge and two social workers, one amongst whom must be female, comprise the board of directors. x^}7=k;V3ejc\(LOdU~~dK_%yF"}2\&?o=16_kcbGw'?=m+tmOz5\qe1\g;yF~~U^iNzO~.rye.>~\yyO|d/I8'ZK> https://www.britannica.com/topic/juvenile-justice, Cornell University Law School - Juvenile Justice. Children are also subject to specialized laws, procedures, and policies designed to protect their interests when parents or other legal guardians are unavailable, negligent, or involved in custodial disputes. Judges of the Supreme Court must be qualified to practice in Nigeria and have at least 15 years of qualifications. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! christian science monitor. Explains that the death penalty is applied exclusively to those who are from the poorest segments of society and are unable to afford to defend themselves. R The judge of the Supreme Court of Nigeria must be retired at the 70 years. A grounded look at the debate over prison- juvenile R b) Children and Young Persons Act. A child above 12 is fully responsible for his actions; Click here to unlock this and over one million essays, Juveniles in Adult Prisons It is the only court not prescribed for under the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. While international documents have restricted and in some cases even based education : Optimistic theory versus pessimistic worldview. Explains that in respect of muslim prisoners, any person who has been issued with "tauliah" under any law relating to the administration of islamic laws. Of all delinquency cases referred to juvenile court, approximately one quarter are dismissed or diverted for handling outside the court process. in texas and north carolina, it costs over $2 million per execution. A deep look into juveniles in adult prisons. Explains that the united nations human rights commission has passed a resolution calling for all nations that continue to execute to restrict the number of offences for which the death penalty may be imposed and to suspend executions. The hierarchical system of courts in Nigeria simply refers to the way in which Nigerian courts are arranged and organized at different levels, jurisdictions and regions. Careers. Governor and Legislative Electoral Tribunal: This handle petitions for governor and state legislative elections. (Author abstract), Territories Financial Support Center (TFSC), Tribal Financial Management Center (TFMC). JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT OF NIGERIA Opines that heroin is plentiful but won't show up as readily on a drug test. x+ | Juveniles can also be fined (though the court usually orders the parent to pay the fine) or be ordered to pay compensation for the offense. Recommends that the candidate sign international treaties promising to not actively implement the death penalty, but not abolishing the entire system, and propose a moratorium until more studies have been conducted. Hb```"+ bE8_}ie`ss'bP Pn0Aa.lM~. Explains that the united nations convention on the rights of the child covers the treatment of juvenile offenders by the government and the juvenile justice system. Furthermore, considering the number of courts in Nigeria, it is worthy of note to state that there are competent judicial officers that are strategically positioned to handle and resolve disputes seamlessly in Nigeria. Explains that white people are 7 times more likely to receive the death penalty if they kill a white person. LockA locked padlock 15 0 obj much debate continues in the us as to whether it constitutes an appropriate punishment. The area of sentencing encompasses a wide range of methods and theories. Explains that clark, s., and patrick, b. choose freedom read : book talks behind bars. endobj Opines that prisoners return to society with a heroin habit and high risk of hiv. It is provided for under Section 254A of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Retrieved 21 March, 2008 from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4111/is_200412/ai_n9466371/ The term of office of the CCT chairman and members expires at the age of 70. The Court of Appeal ranks second among Nigerian courts, and second only to the Supreme Court. <>stream 0000005957 00000 n x+ | These include: Children who engage in hawking wares, load carrying, car washing, shoe shining, petty trading, refuse WebThere are basically three categories of CEDC in Nigeria. <> x+ | At present, it is possible to appeal to the Court of Appeal with permission. there are only twelve states which do not have the death penalty. R Webthe court.175 Juvenile courts in many jurisdictions are understaffed and overworked.176 Within the judiciary it is often difficult to persuade those judicial officers with administrative endstream The Sharia Court of Appeal is a Court of appeal recognized by the Nigerian government. It has appellate jurisdiction over decisions of Customary Courts, Magistrate courts etc. Describes the crimes reported by the police: homicide. The Courts of General Criminal Jurisdiction include the following: Area/Customary Courts Magistrate Court High Courts of State/FCT, Abuja, Court of Appeal Supreme Court Appellate General Criminal Jurisdiction The major disadvantage of the Nigerian court system is that there are inadequate judges in each court system, and the judges are thereby overwhelmed with a plethora of cases which causes protracted delays in resolving simple disputes through a court process by the litigants. R Hanging, the gas chamber, lethal injection, the electric chair and the firing squad are all used, some notably less than others. Opines that we must consider whether we and our loved ones are more at risk of being murdered or being executed for committing murder. Although such physical punishment is prohibited in many Western countries, it is still used in some parts of the United States and in much of the non-Western world. endstream Explains amnesty international's "the death penalty: questions and answers". Thus, a child below the age of 7 is not criminally responsible for any act or omission. Recommends that the candidate take a cautious anti-death penalty stance, as there are serious racial, class, and mental discrepancies in the implementation of the death penalty. h.11. Explains that there was a riot in bogota, columbia, in april 1997. Psychiatric disorders among detained youths: a comparison of youths processed in juvenile court and adult criminal court. The specific mechanisms for administering juvenile justice have varied over timeamong societies and even among jurisdictions within countries. endobj juvenile justice, system of laws, policies, and procedures intended to regulate the processing and treatment of nonadult offenders for violations of law and to provide legal remedies that protect their interests in situations of conflict or neglect. Opines that executions will be the deterrent that the pro-capital punishment lobby expects them to be. endobj The Court of Appeal always consists of the President of the Court of Appeal and 49 judges, appointed by the President on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council (NJC), subject to confirmation by the Senate. Appeals can be made from the Federal High Court, the High Court of a state, the Sharia Court of Appeal in a state, and the Customary Appeal court to the Court of Appeal. 24 0 obj sociology: social foundations of public issues, mcgraw hill, 2003. The following are the laws that play a role in the sentencing of Juveniles in Nigeria: The Child Rights Act is Nigerias most comprehensive piece of legislation addressing all matters pertaining to children. religious tolerance. ~jm-o'ZL !ula~r/a[zLE-V:}.c8v'qw$cU]2}WbHng!!Hods,4d~'OK/vy5^VfZonsschLuK|QI\B$eSPaI;Lz/>GbC(dX'O mYbpwJ"(rW)vAyN3)ox0h:XyWBJ (Nt!N1^+}JRaQn ]E#(m Pu${ ql%c"M/n/7HpI&9 2$$~^D># a/)pH/W. since 1973 over 100 condemned prisoners have been released in the u.s. Opines that if we truly believe that killing is wrong, we must abolish the death penalty. Opines that the bop pays Explains that the modern juvenile justice system is a relatively recent invention as the history can be traced to the late 1800s. COURTS (UZsi{Z ,-b4Mb45C\C :> the us is one of six countries which executes people who were under 18 years-old at the time of their crimes. The Nigeria Juvenile Justice System is the country that I chose to focus on while presenting my term paper. <> The site is secure. Web1 Afolabi Aina Street 100281 ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria Tel: 234-1-4933195 Fax: 234-1-4935339 e-mail: cleen@cleen.org. Hon. Describes the contents of the american civil liberties union freedom network, capital punishment, and the death penalty. Enter your email address to subscribe to Opinion Nigeria newsletter. Explains that the belief in murder is based on the assumption that it is only fair that if murder occurs. endstream Opines that a handful of executions per year will not have any real deterrent effect especially on the people who society would most like to be. Explains that the nigeria juvenile justice system is the country that they chose to focus on while presenting their term paper. Argues that scientific studies have consistently failed to find convincing evidence that executions deter crime more effectively than alternative sentences. xS* endstream The death 17 0 obj Opines that capital punishment will continue to be controversial as long as it exists because it polarizes people's views and allows for wide interpretation of its legal, moral and financial legitimacy. The court is established by the House of Assembly. Opines that the death penalty is not the best way to ensure public safety. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. On such charges, a young person will nearly always be tried as an adult. Thus, a child is a person under the age of majority. xS* Another measure, the supervision order, places the juvenile under the general supervision of a social worker but sometimes requires participation in a wide range of organized, constructive activities as intermediate treatment. Regarding the specific laws in Nigeria that govern the punishment of juvenile offenders, Sections 11, 12, 13, and 14 of the Children and Young Persons Act deal with the punishment of children and young people who break the law. It was followed in 2000 by the Criminal Justice and Court Services Act, which advanced the use of community service as a form of punishment. R Official websites use .gov Explains that death penalty supporters feel that the likelihood of an innocent person being put to death is very low due to the safeguards in place. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. The Prison Journal. national bureau of economic research. the most severe punishment of individuals is death penalty. 0000006954 00000 n Juvenile Sentencing In Nigeria And The Legal Framework -By Presents an advanced and highly secure ict learning network for all inmates within existing cultural proson practices. Explains that the death penalty is a controversial topic in the united states today and has been for years. 0000001373 00000 n When thinking in terms of the juvenile justice system, it is just the integral part of the criminal justice system. Opines that china is in labor camps being forced, in the name of reform, to create. <>stream Describes einat, t, and a. Explains that the public defenders receive $0.50 an hour pay for 2000 hours. Pinderhughes EE, Dodge KA, Bates JE, Pettit GS, Zelli A. J Fam Psychol. endstream Opines that minorities are treated fairly in the justice system. , In Nigeria, the exercise of sentencing discretion is unrestricted and thus, gives the Courts (i.e., Judges or Magistrates) a very wide field of action and takes into account different preferences and methods of solving the same issue. <>stream This article follows those youths who are arrested on the pathway through the Most juvenile offenses are committed in urban areas and are property crimes. 2008 Sep;59(9):965-73. doi: 10.1176/ps.2008.59.9.965. Based on ethnographic observations in Nigeria and predicated on a review of ethnographic literature on Nigeria as well as a study of the Nigerian Criminal Code and Procedure, the paper suggests that the informal control of juvenile delinquency may be a panacea for recidivism and a consequent criminal career.

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